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Battle of Gniew
The Battle of Gniew〔(Scots in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Peter Paul Bajer, p.466 )〕 or the Battle of Mewe〔(The northern wars: war, state, and society in northeastern Europe, 1558-1721, Robert I. Frost, Longman, 2000, p.331 )〕 was fought during the Polish–Swedish War (1626–1629), between Sweden and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 22 September with initial skirmishes, to the main battle of 1 October 1626. Both the Swedish and Polish army were commanded by their kings – Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden respective Sigismund III Vasa. The battle ended with a victory for Sweden. However Polish and Swedish armies had different objectives. The Sigismund Vasa wanted to protect Gdańsk from besieging. Gustav had to protect Gniew, which was importance of prestige for his army.
==Prelude==
After the seizure of Livonia in July 6, 1626 Swedish troops landed in the strength of about 13,000 men and 80 guns, in Piława at the port of Duke of Prussia George Wilhelm who was at the vassal of the Polish king but also a brother in law of the king of Sweden. Piława did not offer any resistance which together with the subsequent activity of Prussian soldiers and the attitude of George William, formed the basis of treason accusations leveled at them by the Poles.〔 The Swedes set off a rapid march from Piława in the southwest direction, against the Vistula, taking several small towns along the way, as well as the second largest city of Royal Prussia, Elbląg. Newly landing troops also took Puck, as well as several other towns and the crossing of the Vistula — Tczew, Gniew and Głowa Gdańska. The remaining and most serious obstacle was Gdańsk. Gdańsk was a big urban center which at that time had more than 64,000 inhabitants (over six times more than Stockholm, the capital of Sweden).〔 Initially the Swedes tried to negotiate with the city but these were soon broken off due to the unyielding attitude of Gdańsk's inhabitants. Feeling threatened, the citizens of Gdańsk begged the Polish king for help. It then became crucial for the main Polish army to make its way to Royal Prussia. The mobilization in Poland, given existing conditions, ran smoothly; despite being low on funds, Sigismund managed to raise an army in a little more than two months. The Polish king and his army (6780 cavalry, 4430 infantry, 20 guns) then rushed to help the city.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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